Compressor



Nov; 25, 1924. v 1,516,584

E. WILSON COMPRESSOR Filed March 12, 192-5 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 //7 l e/rfor".

?atent Nov. 25, 1924.

TENT OFFICE.

EDWARD WESSON, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, ASSIGNOR T WILSON ENGINEERING COMPANY, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, A CORPORATION OF MISSOURI.

COMPRESSOR.

Application filed March 12, 1923. Serial No: 624,588.

To all whom may comem:

Be it known that I, EDWARD WILSON, a

citizen of the United States, residing at St.

Louis, Missouri, have invented a new and useful Compressor, of which the'following is a specification.

This invention relates to com'pressors.

An object of the invention is to provide a compressor of the rocking piston type embodying a novel relationship of parts for maintaining the machine uniforml and continuously in a condition of high e ciency and controlling the admission and discharge of air.

Another object of the invention is to provide an efficient oil return device for returning to the machine the oil that has been separated from the compressed air or gas.

vAnother object of the invention is to provide a compressor of a highly improved construction, with means for automatically maintaining proper adjustment of the op-- erating mechanism.

Another object of the invention is to rovide improved means for sealing the earing of the operating shaft of the compression mechanism to prevent leakage through the bearing.

Other objects will appear from the following description, reference being made to the drawings in which Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of my improved compressor.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged view with section of the compression cylin er and rockin pistons, and showing also the valves contro ling the discharge of the compression from the cylinder.

Fig. 3 is a cross sectional view on the line 33 of Fig. 1, showing the connection for rocking the pistons.

Fig. ,4 is a cross sectional view on the line 4-4 of Fig. 1, showing the oil pump device for returning oil to. the machine.

Fig. 5 (sheet 1) is an enlarged sectional view of the packmg devices in loose relationship before bein thrust together.

The shaft 1 of t e motor 2 is coupled with the rotary shaft 3 of the com ressor to thy a releasable coupling 4. The

aft3

arts in,

has a crank 5 which is connected b a link 6 with a crank 7 on the end of t e rotor shaft 8 which is the shaft on which the rocking or oscillating pistons are located. A fly wheel 9 is iii connection with the crank 5. The shaft 3 is 'ournaled inv a split tapered bushing 10 of ronze or other material and is lubricated by oil-contained in the crank member 11 into which the fly wheel 9 dips. The oil is thereby splashed over the walls of the crank chamber and passes through an oil hole 12 opening into the slot in the bushin 10 and is drained back into the crank chamber through a passage 13. The connection from the crank 5 to the shaft 8 is lubricated in the same way.

The operating mechanism of the compressor is mounted in a housing 14. The outer end of the shaft 8 is mounted in a piston 15 while the cranked end of the shaft is mounted in a bushin 16 supported in the wall 17 that separates t e crank chamber 11 from the remaining portion of the housing. The crank 7 and bushing 16 may be formed integral as shown. The bushing 16 is on a squared portion of the shaft and is thereby rocked with the shaft, while the piston 15 is made to rock with the shaft by the pins 26 as presently explained.

The stator cylinder 18 is mounted in a rigid support 19 and is heldfrom rotation by keys 20 and is permitted to slide freely in the direction of the axis of the rotor having free axial floatin movement.- The cylinder 18 is formed wit two diametricalbein fitted with a radially movable pack ing s oe 22 extendin throu. hout its length.

The shaft 8 exten s axia y through the cylinder 18 and 'is provided with two PlS'. ton sectors 23, each of which is nipped with a radially movablelongitudina packing piece 24 pressing against the inner surfaces of'the piston chambers in the cylinder 18 in which chambers the pistons 23 rock or oscillate as the shaft 8 is rocked or oscillated. The packing pieces are lubricated through ports 24- (Fig. 1) and 24 (Fig. 2). The piston 15 is formed with a cylinder head which is made to rock with the pistons 23 by connecting pins 26. The cylinder head 27 at the opposite end is made, to

rock with the pistons by connecting pins 28.

having their opposite faces concave for 00- operation with the adjacent convexed end of the supporting bearing 31, which constitutes a differential piston as hereinafter explained, and the convex surface of a ring 32, respectively.

It will be seen that the cylinder end wall 25 is held against the end of the rotor 23 by a nut 15 and that the cylinder end wall 27 is clamped against the rotor by the construction comprising the nut 16*,thebushing 16 and the ring 32. Accordingly the nuts 15 and 16 constitute clamping elements for holding together the interposed parts. The tworings 30 are mounted on a reduced portion of the bushing 16' with radial clearance to permit sidewise adjusting movement, while the ring 32 is pressed tight on the shaft 8. This seal which is used in place of a stuffing box is self-aligning in all positions and compensates for any misalignment of the rotor bearings so' that the full bearlng area of the thrust surfaces of the seal arerealized at all times. By utilizing the differential pistons 15 and 31 to limit the thrust load upon the wearing surfaces of the seal-as hereinafter explained, and obtaining the lapping action of the moving parts submergedin oil, a seal is produced that is automat c 1n adjustment and which is highly effectlve 1n preventing leakage of gas into the crank case. a

Gas is drawn into the cylinder through a hollow shaft Shaving a pair of diametrically opposite slots 33 which, during the rockng of sa1d shaft 8, are alternately brought 1nto communication with the two compresslon chambers in the cylinder 18, passing from one chamber to the other under the packmg pieces 22 which act as valves and admlt the gas at the end of.the stroke in each direction. By this construction I am enabled to dispense with the use of poppet valves and like devices which are subject to certain objections. j

Gas is discharged from the com ression cylinder 19 through a set of valves, ing two valves for each compression chamber in the cylinder, one valve for each chamber being shown in Fig. 2 and it being understood that there are two other valves of like construction, one for each chamber in the compression cylinder. 7 Each of said valves includes a ring 34' having a valve seat 35 opening into one of the compression chambers,-a ring 36 secured within the opening in t ere be the cylinder in which the valve is mounted and having a reduced extension 37 extending into the ring 34 and leaving an annular space between said ring 34 and said extension 37 and having holes 38 forming exits from said annular space, and a valve disc 39 supported for movement between the valve seat 35 and the end of the extension 37.

This permits the compressed gas to pass from thecompression chambers and prevents the gas from being drawn back into the chambers through said valves, due to the fact that the disc 39 of each valve-is moved to closed position on the seat 35 as an incident .to the movement of the corresponding piston 23 in a direction away from the valve. The gas passes through the valves described into a groove 40 in the cylinder support 19 and thence through a tube 41, the open upper end of which isabove the level of the oil in the housing 14. As the housing 14 contains gas under compression the cylinder is sealed and the rotor bearings are lubricated by oil under this pressure. The seal housing29 is constructed to limit the quantity of oil forced by gas pressure into the chamber containing the rings 30. The pressure in the chamber containing the rings 30 is relieved by a small port 42 forming a communication from said chamber to the openingin the shaft 8, So that the pressure caus-. ingleakage through the seal is always. a back pressure or suction pressure to the compression devices.

The piston 15 and the extension 31 form differential pistons of which the piston 31 is the larger. These two pistons are acted upon .in opposite directions by the pressure within the housing 14 but, owing to the greater area of the piston 31 there is greater pressure upon the seal 30. In practice the areas 'of the two pistons 15 and 31 are so proportioned that the thrust against the seal does not exceed forty pounds per square inch of the bearing area of the seal when the pressure in the housing 14 is two hundred pounds per square inch, though, of course, this pro ortion of pressure may be varied without eparture from the principle of the invention.

In operation air is drawn into the hollow shaft 8 from a'receiving chamber 43 having an air inlet 44. A small amount of oil seeps from the seal housing 29 through the bearings into the crank chamber 11. sump 45 is secured to the under side of the crank chamber 11 and fills with oil free from entrained .air. This sump is con-' nected with the suction chamber 43 by a pipe 46, thus providing means'for returning. the oil to the compressor housing14.

The casting 47 containing the air. receivingchamber 43 also contains an oil receiving chamber 48 to which oil is admitted from a pipe. 49. The end of the hearing through the cylinder,

chamber 15 is recessed, said recess containing a pair of blocks actuated against the enclosing wall 51 by a spring 52. These blocks are oscillated with the shaft 8. One of said blocks has an oil receiving chamber 53 (Fig. 4)-which receives oil through a port 54 communicating with the chamber 48 and discharges oil through a port 55 com- Inunicating with the. chamber 43. It is understood that the oil entrained with the compressed gas may be separated-by appropriate devices after the gas leaves the housing 14. The separated oil may, of

course, be returned to the housing 14' through the pipe 4 9 and the oil measuring and pumping device described.

From'the foregoing it will be seen that my invention is a refined mechanism for obtaining all of its intended objects and purposes in a highly efiicient manner. Once assembled the parts maintain'proper adjustment andaccommodate themselves toeach other automatically. Since the operating mechanism is thoroughly lubricated the machine does not become overheated and the efliciency is imaintainedindefinitely. I am aware that the invention may be modified in numerous particulars without departure from the nature and principle thereof, and I do not restrict myself to any unessential particulars.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. A compressor, comprising a housing, a support within the housing, a cylinder .withinthe housing, a piston within the cylindeigend walls attached to the pistonand closing the ends of the cylinder, and mechanism forrocln'ng the piston and thereby said'end walls.

'2. A compressor, comprising a non-rotative cylinder, compression chambers within the cylinder, a shaft extending axially istons on said shaft extending'into said c ambers, mechanism for rockm said shaft and thereby said pistons, .an end walls closing the ends of 'said cylinder and arranged to rock with said shaft andplistons.

3. A compressor, comprising a cylinder, compression chambers within the cylmder, a hollow shaft extending axially through the cylinder and having openlngs arranged to-be moved intoand out of communication withsaid compression chambers respectively, valve members supported by the cylinder closing. said openings during 7 the r movements from one compression chamber to another, pistons on said shaft 0 crating in said compression chambers, en said cylinder arranged to move with sald shaft and pistons, and mechanism for rocking saidshaft to operate said pistons in said compression chambers.

a. A compressor, comprising a cylinder,

walls for compression chambers within the cylinder, a hollow shaft extending axially through the cylinder and having openings arranged to be moved into and out of communication with said compression chambers respectively, valve members supported by thecylinder closing said openings during their movements from one compression chamber to another, pistons on said shaft operating in said compression chambers, end walls for said cylinder arranged to move with said shaft and pistons, mechanism for rocki said shaft to operate said pistons in sa id compression chambers, and valves supported by said cylinder controlling the discharge of compression from said compression chambers.

5. A compressor, comprising a cylinder, compression chambers Within the cylinder, a hollow shaft extendingcaxially through the cylinder and having openings arranged to be moved into and out of communication with said compression chambers respectiveder and having openings for admitting gas into the cylinder, mechanism for rocking said shaft, pistons on said shaft within the cylinder for effecting compression, and

means for conducting oil to a point for admission to said cylinder through said shaft.

7 A compressor, comprising a cylinder, a shaft extending axially throu h the cylinder and having openin for. admitting gas into the cylinder, mec anism for rocking said shaft, pistons on said shaft within the cylinder for effecting compression, means for conducting oil to a point for admission to said cylinder through said shaft, and valves supported by the cylinder controlling the discharge of compression therefrom.

8. A compressor, comprising a cylinder, a rock shaft extending axially through the cylinder and having openings for admitting gas and oil into the cylinder, mechanism for rocking said shaft, means for efiectingcompression' vin the cylinder as the shaft is rocked, and means for delivering oil to said shaft for admission into said cylmder.

9. A compressor, comprising a cylinder, a

rock shaft extending axially through the cylinder and having openi'ngsfor'. admitting gas and oil into the cylinder, mechanism for rocking said shaft, means for effecting compression in the cylinder as the shaft is rocked, and means for delivering measured quantities of oil to said shaft for admission into said cylinder with the gas.

10. A compressor, comprlsinga cylinder, a rock shaft extending axially through the cylinder, a bearing in which said shaft is journalled, compression chambers in said cylinder, pistons on said shaft arranged to operate in said compression chambers to effect compression, valves controlling the discharge of the compressed gas from said chambers, an end wall attached to said pistons, and a series of concave and convex rings preventing leakage through said bearing.

11. A compressor, comprising a cylinder, a housing enclosing said cylinder, a rock shaft extend-ing axially throughthe cylinder, compression chambers in said cylinder, pistons on said shaft arranged to operate in said compression chambers to effect com-- pression, valves controlling the discharge of the compressed gas from said chambers, an

end wall attached to said pistons, a series of concave and convex rings preventing leakage from said housing, and a housing in connection with said end wall enclosing said rings.

12. a housing enclosing said cylinder, a rock shaft extending axially through the cylinder, compression chambers in said cylinder, pistons on said shaft arranged to operate in said compression chambers to effect com pression, valves controlling the discharge of the compressed gas from said chambers, an end wall attached to said pistons, a series of concave and convex rings reventin leakage. from said housing, a ousing in connection with said end wall enclosing said rings, and means for admitting gas and oil into said compression chambers through said shaft. 4

13. A compressor, comprisin a cylinder, a housing enclosing said cylin er, compression chambers in said cylinder, a shaft .ex-

tending axially through said cylinder, means for admitting gas through said shaft into said compression chambers, pistons on said shaft in said compression chambers, end walls attached to said pistons closing the ends of said cylinder, a "series ofconcave and convex rings between one of said walls and the wall of the housin age from said housing, a ousing on one of said end walls enclosing said rings, and means'for conductin oil from said ousing into said shaft for a mission into said compression chambers.

14. A compressor, comprising. a housing enclosing said cylin e sion chambers in said cylinder,

a cylinder, r, compresashaft ex- A compressor, comprising a cylinder,

said 0 linder, means for admitting preventing leak said shaft into said COIDPIBSSIODI tending axially through said cylinder, means for admitting gas through said shaft intofor conducting oil from said housing into said shaft for admission into saidcompression chambers, and means for delivering oil to said shaft from another source for admission into said compression chambers.

15. A compressor, comprising a cylinder, a housing enclosing. said cylinder, compression chambers in said cylinder,'a shaft extending axially through said cylinder, means for admitting gas through said shaft into said compression chambers, pistons on said shaft in said compression chambers, end walls attached to said pistons closing the ends of said cylinder, a series of concave and convex rin between one of said walls and the wall o the housing preventing leakage from said housing, a housing onone of said end walls enclosing said rings, and valves supported by said cylinder controlling the discharge of-compression therefrom.

16. A compressor, comprising a cylinder, a housing for receiving the compressed gas and arranged to contain oil submer ing said ,cylinder and a portion of the ollowing named, parts, compression chambers in said cylinder, a shaft extending axially through said cylinder, means for admitting gas through said shaft into said compression chambers, istons on said shaft in said compression c ambers, end'walls attached -to said pistonsclosing the ends of said cylinder, a series of concave and convex .rmg's be tween one of said walls and the wall of the housin preventing leakage from said housing, a ousing on one of said end walls enclosing said rings, and valves supported by said cylinder controlling the discharge of compression therefrom to said first-named housin 17 E compressor, comprising a cylinder, a housing for receiving the compressed gas and arranged to contain oil submer cylinder and a portion of. the ollowin through gas cylinder, a shaft extending axially throug chambers, istons on said shaft in said coinpression c ambers,'-end yvalls attached to said pistons closing the ends of said cylin der, a series of concaveandconvex rings between one of said walls and the wall of the housin preventing leakage from said housing, a V enclosing said rings, and means for conduct:

ousing on one of said end walls ing said ing the compressed gas from said cylinder to the upper portion of said first-named housin above the level of the oil.

18. n a compressor, a cylinder, mechanism within the cylinder for efl'ecting compression therein, means for operating said anism within the cylinder for efi'ecting compression therein meansfor operating said mechanism, an end wall for said cylinder arranged to operate with said mechanism relative to the cylinder, a housing for receiving the compressed gas, means for preventing leakage from said housing, a housing in connection with said end wall enclosing said leakage preventing means, and a communication from said second housing through said mechanism to said cylinder for conducting oil from said second housing into said cylinder.

20. In a compressor, a cylinder, mechanism within the cylinder for efiecting compression therein, means for operating said mechanism, an end wall for said cylinder arranged to operate with said mechanism relative to the cylinder, a housing for receiving the compressed gas, means for preventing leakage from said housing, a housing in connection with said end wall enclosing said leakage preventing means, a communication from said second housing through said mechanism to said cylinder for conducting oil from said second housing into said cylinder, and'means for conductin oil and gas from another source to said cy inder.

21. A com ressor, comprising a housing, a partition ividing said housing into two separate compartments arranged to contain oil, compression mechanism in one of said compartments, mechanism in the other compartment for operating said compression mechanism, and means for conducting oil from said last-named compartment to the compression I mechanism.

22. Acpmpressor, comprisi compression mechanism, means for operating the compression mecha'nism,'a chamber arranged to receive gas and oil for admission to the compression mechanism, and a device for delivering measured quantities of oil into said chamber.

'23. A compressor, comprising com ression mechanism, means for operating t e compression mechanism, a chamber arranged to receive oil for admission to the compression mechanism, and means controlling the admission of oil into sald chamber.

24. In a compressor, compression mechanism, means foroperating the compression mechanism, and means operated by the compression mechanism for delivering oil thereto. I

25. In a compressor, compression mechanism, means for operating the compression mechanism, and means operated by the compression mechanism for delivering oil thereto from one source and gas from another source.

26. In a compressor, a cylinder, compression chambers in the cylinder, rocking pistons in said chambers, an end wall for said cylinder attached to said pistons, a rigid element having a convex end toward said end wall, a ring having aconcave surface abutting againstsaid convex end,.'.a ring abutting against said first-named ring toward said end wall and having a concavity in the side toward the end wall, and a ring having one side abutting against said en wall and having a convex side abutting against the concavity in said secondring.

27. In a compressor, a cylinder, compres' sion chambers in the cylinder, rocking pistons in saidchambers, an end wall for'said cylinder attached tofsaid pistons, a rigid element having a convex end toward said end wall, a ring. having a concave-surface abutting against said convex end, aring abutting against said first-named ring to- Ward said end wall and havin a concavity in the side toward the end wal a rin having one side abuttingagainst said en wall and having a convex side abutting against the concavity in said second rin anda housing in connection with said en wall .enclosing said rings.

28. In a compressor, a cylinder, compression chambers in the cylinder, rocking pistons in said chambers, an end wall for said cylinder attached to said pistons, a rigid element having .a convex end toward said end wall, a ring having a concave surface abutting against said convex end, a ring abutting against said first-named ring toward said end wall and havin .a concavity in the side toward theend wall a rin having one side abutting against said en wall and having a convex side abutting against the concavity-in said second ring, and a housing in'connection with said end wall enclosing said rings and having its end opposite from said end. wall operating around said ri id element.

29. n a compressor, a c linder, compression chambers in the cylin er, a rotor in the cylinder for efiecting compression, a seal for preventing leakage of gas, and difierential pistons for limiting the thrust load upon the seal.

30. In a compressor, a housing, compression mechanism within the housing, means for operating the compression mechanism a seal for preventing leakage of gas from the said bearings,

housing, and differential pistons for limiting the thrust load upon the seal when the compression mechanism is in operation.

31. A compressor, comprising a housing,

a cylinder within the housing, compression mechanismv within .the cylinder, means for operating said compression mechanism to eifect .compression, means for conducting the compressed gas from said cylinder into the housing, a seal for preventing leakage of gas from the'housing, and differential pistons operatively related to said compression mechanism for limiting the thrust load upon said seal.

32. A compressor, comprising a housing, a cylinder within the housing, a rotor within the cylinder, mechanism for operating the rotor, end .walls against the ends of the rotor, supporting bearings for the rotor, -a sealfor preventing leakage of gas through and difl'er'ential pistons for limitin the thrust load upon said seal.

33. n a compressor, a housing, compression mechanism within the housing, means -tor operating the compression mechanism, a seal for preventing leakage of gas from the housing, and differential pistons acted.

operating said compression mechanism to efi'ect compression, means for conducting the compressed gas from the cylinder into the housing, a seal for of gas from the housing, and differential pistons acted upon by the compressed gas to limit the thrust load upon said seal.

36. A compressor, comprising a housing,

a cylinder within the housing, a rotor within the cylinder, mechanism for operating the rotor, end walls against the ends of the rotor, supporting bearings for the rotor, a seal for preventing leakage of gas through said bearings, upon by the compressed gas for limiting the thrust load upon said seal.

37. A, compressor, comprising a housing, a cylinder within the housing, a rotor within the cylinder, mechanism for operating the rotor to compress gas, means for conducting the compressed gas fromthe cylinder to the housing, a seal for preventing leakage of gas from the housing, diiferential pistons, and means for utilizing the pressure in the housing to hold the seal closed tight and to act on the differential pistonsv to limit the thrust load upon the seal.

'38. A compressor, comprising a. housing, a cylinder withinrthe housing, in the cylinder, mechanism for operating the rotor to compress gas, means for conducting the compressed gas from the cylinder to the housing, a seal for preventing leakage of gas from the housing, difi'eren- 16 tial pistons, means for utilizing the pressure in thehousing to hold the seal closed ti ht and to act on the diilerential pistons to limit the thrust load upon the seal, a

cylinder in the housing enclosing the seal, M

and a passage from said last-named cylinder opening into the first-named cylinder.

EDWARD WILSON.

preventing leakage 4 and differential pistons acted a rotor with- '70 

